Izinto ze-polyurethane (PU)., ababengabadlali abathule emkhakheni wezimboni, manje sebekhanya ngokukhazimulayo ngaphansi kokucindezela kobuchwepheshe.Ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene njengezezimoto, ezokwakha, izicathulo, nefenisha, izinto ze-PU zikubeke ngokuqinile ukubaluleka kwazo.Kodwa-ke, igagasi elisha lobuchwepheshe liqhubekisela phambili intuthuko emkhakheni wezinto ze-PU, futhi ukuqamba okusha kuguqula izindlela zokukhiqiza, kunikeze amathuba angenamkhawulo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.Le ndatshana izocubungula izitayela zakamuva zobuchwepheshe ezintweni ze-PU kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa ngokugcwele lezi zinzuzo ezintsha enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukuhola inguquko yokukhiqiza.

Umlando wezinto ze-PU ungalandelelwa emuva kuma-1930s, kodwa kusemashumini eminyaka amuva nje lapho izindawo ezisetshenziswa kuzo ziye zanda kancane kancane, zaba yingxenye ebalulekile yezindawo zezimboni zanamuhla.Ukuguquguquka kwawo okuvelele, ukuqina, kanye nezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene kuholele ekusetshenzisweni okubanzi ezindaweni zangaphakathi zezimoto, izinto zokufaka ezishisayo zokwakha, ukunethezeka kwezicathulo, nokunye.

Njengoba ikhwelo lokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme likhula kakhulu, uguquko oluluhlaza lushubile emkhakheni wezinto ze-PU.Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ze-PU ezibolayo kunikeza amathuba amasha okushintsha amapulasitiki endabuko, okunomthelela ekongiweni kwemvelo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuvela kwezinto ezihlakaniphile ze-PU, njengezingubo zokuziphilisa kanye namafayibha azwela ukushisa, kunikeza imikhiqizo enezici ezihlakaniphe kakhulu neziqondene nomuntu.

Emkhakheni wokwakhiwa kwamangqamuzana, ubuchwepheshe obusha buqondisa ukuvela kwezinto ze-PU.Ukwakhiwa kwamangqamuzana okunembe kuguqula izici ezifana nokusebenza kwemishini nokumelana namakhemikhali.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanotechnology kuvumela izinto ze-PU ukuthi zifake imisebenzi eminingi, efana ne-conductivity kanye nezakhiwo ze-antibacterial, ukwandisa uhla lwazo lwezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kuIzinto ze-PUubuchwepheshe, le nto esebenza ngezindlela eziningi enepolymer ihola uguquko lokukhiqiza embonini yezokukhiqiza.Enqubweni yokukhiqiza, ubuchwepheshe obusha be-PU buletha uchungechunge lwezinzuzo, kusukela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kokukhiqiza kuya ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi, okuhlinzeka ngenani elikhulu emabhizinisini.

a.Ukuthuthukiswa Kwenqubo Yokukhiqiza: Ubuchwepheshe obusha be-PU silethe ukuthuthukiswa okujulile ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza.Esikhathini esedlule, ukukhiqizwa kwe-PU kungase kuhilele izinyathelo zokukhiqiza eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinqubo ezidla isikhathi.Kodwa-ke, ngokwethulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha, izinyathelo eziningi zokukhiqiza zendabuko zingenziwa zibe lula noma zishiywe, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshiswe umjikelezo wokukhiqiza.Isibonelo, izinqubo ezintsha zokusabela kanye nemiklamo ye-catalyst ingahlanganisa izinto ze-PU ngezikhathi ezifushane, yehlise kakhulu imijikelezo yokukhiqiza futhi ikhulise ukusebenza kahle.

b.Ukusebenza Kahle Kokusetshenziswa Kwensiza: Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha be-PU nakho kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe.Ukukhiqizwa kwe-PU yendabuko kungase kukhiqize inani elikhulu lemfucuza, kuyilapho ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha kunganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwemfucuza ngokwezinga eliphezulu.Ukwengeza, imiklamo emisha yezinto ezibonakalayo nezinqubo zokukhiqiza zingazuza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, kuqhubeke nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.

c.Ukuvumelana Kwekhwalithi Yomkhiqizo Okuthuthukisiwe: Ngobuchwepheshe obusha be-PU, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukulawula ngokunembe kakhudlwana ukwakheka nezakhiwo zezinto.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ingalawulwa ngokunembe kakhulu phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, kuncishiswe ukuhluka phakathi kwamaqoqo.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezifuna ikhwalithi ephezulu nokungaguquguquki, okufana nemishini yezokwelapha kanye nokukhiqiza izimoto.

d.Ukwethulwa kwe-Automation kanye ne-Digitization: Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha be-PU nakho kuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokwenza idijithali.Imigqa yokukhiqiza yesimanje ye-PU ingafinyelela emazingeni aphezulu okuzenzakalela, ukusuka ekufakweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuya ekukhiqizweni komkhiqizo oqediwe, konke kulawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuncishiswe ubungozi namaphutha ahambisana nokusebenza komuntu.Ukwengeza, amasistimu okuqapha edijithali angakwazi ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela amapharamitha abalulekile phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi basabele futhi balungise ngokushesha okukhulu.

e.Ukuthuthukiswa Kwemikhiqizo Emisha: Ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha be-PU kuletha namathuba amakhulu okuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo emisha.Imiklamo emisha yezinto ezibonakalayo nezithuthukisi zokusebenza zinganikeza imikhiqizo emisha ngokuphelele ye-PU, ehlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe ezishintsha njalo.Ngokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusha, amabhizinisi angasungula izinto ezintsha ngokuqhubekayo futhi ethule lezimanga ezintsha emakethe.

Sekukonke, izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe obusha be-PU ohlelweni lokukhiqiza azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nekhwalithi kodwa futhi zinikeza amabhizinisi umkhawulo wokuncintisana.Kodwa-ke, ukuze zisebenzise ngokugcwele lezi zinzuzo, amabhizinisi adinga ukusebenzisana ngokugcwele nabahlinzeki bezobuchwepheshe nezikhungo zocwaningo, ahlale enolwazi ngentuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe, aqhubeke ehlola futhi esungula izinto ezintsha, futhi alwele intuthuko nenqubekelaphambili esimeme.

Ukusebenzisa amadivaysi ezokwelapha njengesibonelo, ukusetshenziswa smartIzinto ze-PUuqhuba uguquko emkhakheni wezokwelapha.Ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezihlakaniphile, ukukhululwa kwezidakamizwa okunesikhathi kanye nokuqapha kungenzeka, kunikeze iziguli ulwazi oluthuthukisiwe lokwelashwa.Emkhakheni wezimoto, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha be-PU kwenza izihlalo zemoto zibe ne-ergonomic, zinikeze induduzo ephakeme kubagibeli.

Ukuze asebenzise ngokugcwele izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe obusha be-PU, amabhizinisi adinga ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngokuqhubekayo nokufunda.Ukufuna ukusebenzelana ngentshiseko nezikhungo zocwaningo, ukulandelela intuthuko yakamuva yobuchwepheshe, ukwenza izivivinyo, kanye nenqubekelaphambili yokushayela kuyisihluthulelo sokuzuza ukuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ikusasa lezinto ze-PU linamathuba angenamkhawulo, futhi ubuchwepheshe obusha buhola inkathi yenguquko yokukhiqiza.Ukuthi kunomthelela ekusimameni kwemvelo noma ukuthuthukisa izimboni ezihlakaniphile, ukuvela kwezinto ze-PU kuzoba nomthelela esimweni sezimboni zomhlaba jikelele.