Opepuka monga chizolowezi chachikulu cha chitukuko chamtsogolo cha gawo la magalimoto, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zida za polima, kuti zopepuka zagalimoto zitha kukwaniritsidwa, komanso gawo lina la kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso kuti kupanga kumvetsetsa kwa galimotoyo kukhale kwangwiro, kotero kuti ntchito yonse ya galimotoyo ipitirire patsogolo, ikhoza kukhala mu galimoto yopangira magalimoto ndi zokongoletsera zogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo za polyurethane.

1 thovu la polyurethane

Chithovu cha polyurethane chimapangidwa makamaka ndi mankhwala a isocyanate ndi hydroxyl opangidwa thovu mu polymerisation, thovu la polyurethane limatha kugawidwa kukhala zinthu zosinthika komanso zolimba komanso zolimba, thovu losinthika limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga magalimoto.zopumira pamutu zamagalimotondi madenga agalimoto ndi zinthu zina zomwe anthu amatha kulumikizana mwachindunji, chifukwa mawonekedwe ake amatha kubwezeredwa, amatha kuteteza chitetezo chamunthu, amatha kukonza chitetezo chagalimoto.Zida zolimba kwambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazomanga monga ma dashboards, omwe amatha kusunga nthawi pakupanga komanso kukhala okhazikika.Zida zolimba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakutchinjiriza kanyumba kagalimoto.Chithovu cha polyurethane nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa bwino powonjezera zoletsa kuyaka kuti zichedwetse kuyaka, kuyimitsa utsi kapena kuzimitsa zida zoyatsira moto kuti chithovucho chiziwotchera, motero kumapangitsa chitetezo chagalimoto.Zili ndi zotsatira zabwino zodzaza, zimalepheretsa dzimbiri komanso zimachepetsa phokoso m'galimoto.

2 Rection jakisoni wopangidwa ndi polyurethane mankhwala

Izi polyurethane mankhwala amapangidwa mu nkhungu kuchokera ku zipangizo zamadzimadzi ndipo ndi pafupifupi osasiyanitsidwa ndi zitsulo ponena za kulimba ndi mphamvu, koma ndi 50% yopepuka kuposa chitsulo ndipo imatha kuthandizira kupeputsa magalimoto, makamaka popanga thupi ndi mawilo.Chiwongolero, monga dongosolo lalikulu la galimotoyo, lingathe kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi ya nkhomaliro ya wodya chakudya chamasana, ngati ngozi ingachepetse kuvulala kwa dalaivala, komanso kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa dongosololi.Magalimoto ambiri amapangidwanso ndi zinthu zotere, ndipo kulimbikitsanso kwamkati kumatha kuphatikizidwanso kuti zitsimikizire kuti dalaivala ali pachiwopsezo chochepa.Chifukwa chachikulu chogwiritsira ntchito polyurethane m'magulu a thupi ndikuti imakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino ndikuonetsetsa kuti thupi lonse silimakhudzidwa ndi kupunduka m'madera osiyanasiyana.

3 Polyurethane elastomers

Ma polyurethane elastomers amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto ngati zida zazikulu mongakunjenjemerazotsekera midadada, monga zotanuka polyurethane zinthu ali ndi katundu zabwino cushioning ndipo ntchito osakaniza ndi mkulu-mphamvu masika zipangizo pa chassis kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya midadada kuyamwa nkhonya cushioning ndi kupititsa patsogolo chitonthozo cha galimoto, monga momwe zilili mu magalimoto ambiri.Ma airbags amapangidwanso ndi polyurethane yotanuka kwambiri, chifukwa kapangidwe kameneka ndi chotchinga chomaliza choteteza dalaivala ndipo chimakhala ndi gawo lofunikira, lomwe limafunikira mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa airbag kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira, ndipo zotanuka polyurethane ndizoyenera kwambiri. kusankha, ndi zinthu za polyurethane ndizopepuka, ma airbags ambiri amakhala pafupifupi 200g.
Matayalandi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuyendetsa galimoto, matayala amtundu wa raba amakhala ndi moyo waufupi ndipo sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pansi pamikhalidwe yamphamvu, komanso amakhudzanso thanzi la anthu, kotero zida zabwinoko ziyenera kusankhidwa, ndipo zida za polyurethane zimatha kukumana. zofunika izi, ndipo palinso ndalama zochepa ndi makhalidwe osavuta ndondomeko, kutentha kukana kwa matayala polyurethane pa nthawi braking mwadzidzidzi General, ndi mu ntchito yeniyeni ya zifukwa zochepa, ambiri matayala polyurethane anathiridwa ndondomeko, akhoza kupanga tayala kuti agwirizane kwa zofunika zosiyanasiyana, kuti tayala sangabweretse kuipitsa, wobiriwira kwambiri, ndikuyembekeza kuti tsogolo angathe kuthetsa vuto la matayala polyurethane si kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha, bwino kukwaniritsa ponse ntchito.

4 Zomatira za polyurethane

Chomangira cha haidrojeni pakati pa polyurethane ndi zinthu zomwe ziyenera kumangirizidwa kumathandizira kulumikizana kwa maselo ndikupangitsa kuti mgwirizano ukhale wolimba kwambiri, zomatira za polyurethane zimakhalanso zolimba komanso zosinthika, zomatira za polyurethane zimakhala ndi mphamvu zometa ubweya wambiri komanso kukana, zoyenera zosiyanasiyana. wa zomatira structural munda, ali kusinthasintha kwambiri, zomatira polyurethane ali ndi ntchito yabwino, akhoza kusinthasintha osiyana matenthedwe kukulitsa koyenera wa kugwirizana, ali The polyurethane zinthu angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zomatira pa windscreen magalimoto kukwaniritsa bwino kusindikiza zotsatira, kupanga galasi lagalimoto ndi thupi lokhazikika, kuonjezera kukhwima ndi mphamvu ya galimoto, komanso kuchepetsa kulemera kwa galimoto kuti athandize kuyendetsa galimoto.M'kati mwa magalimoto ambiri amapangidwanso ndi polyurethane, chifukwa imakhala yosagonjetsedwa ndi madzi ndipo imatha kuteteza madzi kusokoneza zokongoletsera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mkati mwa galimotoyo mukhale wokongola komanso womasuka.

5 Mapeto

Kupanga magalimoto opepuka kwakhala njira yayikulu yopangira magalimoto, komanso ndi njira yoyezera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto opangira magalimoto komanso chizindikiritso chofunikira chaukadaulo wofunikira.Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kokha kwa zida za polyurethane pakupanga magalimoto aku China ndi kafukufuku wazinthu za polyurethane kumathandizira kuti ma botolo athetsedwe, monga vuto la kukana kutentha kwa matayala, lomwe limafunikiranso kafukufuku wolumikizana ndi kuthandizidwa kwa mfundo zoyenera ndi akatswiri ofananira pakupanga magalimoto. makampani, ndikuyembekeza kuti gawo lopangira magalimoto apanyumba lipitilizidwa bwino.