Yakareruka seyakanyanya muitiro weramangwana kusimudzira kwemunda wemotokari, zvinodikanwa kuti ushandise zvine hungwaru zvepolymer zvinhu, kuitira kuti huremu hwemotokari hugone kuwanikwa, asiwo rimwe basa rekuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, asi zvakare. kuita kuti kunzwisiswa kwekugadzira kwemotokari kuve kwakakwana, kuitira kuti kushanda kwakakwana kwemotokari kugone kuvandudzwa, kunogona kuva mukugadzirwa kwemotokari yekugadzira uye kushongedzwa kwekushandiswa kwakanaka kwezvinhu zve polyurethane.

1 polyurethane foam

Polyurethane furo rinonyanya kugadzirwa neisocyanate uye hydroxyl makomisheni akapupuma mupolymerisation, furo re polyurethane rinogona kupatsanurwa kuita zvinochinjika uye semi-yakaomarara uye yakaoma zvinhu, furo rinochinjika rinonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira motamisoro yemotauye matenga emotokari uye zvimwe zvinhu izvo vanhu vanogona kubata zvakananga, nekuti maitiro ayo anogona kudzokororwa, anogona kunyatso chengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, anogona kuvandudza kuchengetedza kwemotokari chinhu.Semi-rigid zvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa kune zvimiro zvakaita semadhibhodhi, izvo zvinogona kuchengetedza nguva mukugadzira uye zvakanyanya kugadzikana.Rigid zvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumotokari kabhini insulation.Polyurethane furo rinowanzo vandudzwa nekuwedzera zvinodzosa moto kunonoka kupisa, kumisa utsi kana kudzima zvinobatidza moto kuwedzera kudzoreredza kwefuro, nekudaro kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwemotokari.Iine maitiro akanaka ekuzadza, inodzivirira kuora uye inoderedza ruzha mumotokari.

2 Reaction jekiseni rakaumbwa polyurethane zvigadzirwa

Ichi chigadzirwa chepolyurethane chinogadzirwa muforoma kubva mumidziyo yemvura uye chinenge chisinga zivikanwe nesimbi maererano nekusimba uye kusimba, asi chakareruka makumi mashanu muzana pane simbi uye chinogona kubatsira mukurerutsa kwemotokari, kunyanya kuita basa remuviri nemavhiri.Iyo vhiri, sechimiro chikuru chemotokari, inogona kunyatso chengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwemhuri yekudya kwemasikati, kana njodzi inogona kuderedza kukuvara kumutyairi, asiwo kuve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwechimiro.Iyo bumper yemotokari zhinji inogadzirwawo nezvigadzirwa zvakadaro, uye iyo yemukati yekusimbisa inogona zvakare kuisirwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mutyairi ari pasi pekutyisidzirwa kushoma.Chikonzero chikuru chekushandiswa kwepolyurethane mumapanera emuviri ndeyekuti ine simba rakanaka rekuita uye inovimbisa kuti kushanda kwese kwemuviri hakukanganiswe nedeformation munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.

3 Polyurethane elastomers

Polyurethane elastomers anoshandiswa mukugadzira mota sezvimiro zvakakosha sengekuvhundukacushioning blocks, seya elastic polyurethane zvinhu ine yakanaka cushioning zvivakwa uye inoshandiswa musanganiswa neakakwirira-simba chitubu maturusi pane chassis kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvhundutsa kunotora cushioning block uye kuwedzera kunyaradza kwemota, sezvazviri mota zhinji.Iwo airbags anogadzirwawo nepamusoro elastic polyurethane, sezvo chimiro ichi chiri chekupedzisira chipingamupinyi chekudzivirira mutyairi uye chine basa rakakosha rekuita, rinoda kusimba uye elasticity yeairbag kuti isangane nezvinodiwa, uye elastic polyurethane ndiyo inonyanya kukodzera. sarudzo, uye iyo polyurethane zvinhu zvakareruka, mazhinji airbags anongoita 200g.
Mataichikamu chakakosha chekutyaira kwemotokari, matai ezvigadzirwa zverabha zvakajairwa ane hupenyu hupfupi hwesevhisi uye haagone kushandiswa pasi pemamiriro akasimba, uye zvakare ane kukanganisa kwakashata pahutano hwevanhu, saka zvirinani zvinodiwa zvinofanirwa kusarudzwa, uye polyurethane zvinhu zvinogona kusangana. izvi zvinodikanwa, uye kune zvakare kushoma kwekudyara uye nyore maitiro maitiro, kupisa kwekushisa kwe polyurethane matai panguva yekukurumidzira braking General, izvi zvakare mune chaiyo kushandiswa kwechikonzero chishoma, general polyurethane matai anodururwa maitiro, anogona kuita kuti vhiri rigadzirise. kune zvinodiwa zvakasiyana, kuitira kuti vhiri rirege kubudisa kusvibiswa, rakasvibirira zvikuru, tariro yokuti ramangwana rinogona kugadzirisa dambudziko rematairi e polyurethane haagadziriswi nekushisa kwepamusoro, zviri nani kuwana kushandiswa kwakapararira.

4 Polyurethane adhesives

Iyo hydrogen bond pakati pe polyurethane uye zvinhu zvinosungirirwa zvinosimudzira kubatana kwema molecular uyezve kuita kuti chisungo chiwedzere kusimba, iyo polyurethane adhesive inewo kusimba kwakanaka uye kugadzirisa, iyo polyurethane adhesive ine yakanakisa kugera simba uye kukanganisa kupikisa, yakakodzera kune dzakasiyana siyana. yemunda wekunamira, ine kuchinjika kwakanakisa, iyo polyurethane adhesive ine mashandiro akanaka, inokwanisa kuenderana neyakasiyana yekuwedzera kwemafuta coefficient ye bonding, ine Iyo polyurethane zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa seanonamira hwindo remhepo kuti mota iwane chisimbiso chakanaka, kugadzira iyo girazi remotokari uye muviri wakagadzikana, kuwedzera kusimba uye kusimba kwemota, uye kuderedza uremu hwemotokari kufambisa kutyaira kwemotokari.Iko mukati memotokari dzakawanda inogadzirwawo ne polyurethane, sezvo inonyanya kurwisana nemvura uye inogona kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemvura yezvishongedzo, zvichiita kuti mukati memotokari ive yakanaka uye yakasununguka.

5 Mhedziso

Kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzakareruka kwave kuita hombe mukugadzira mota, uye zvakare iri nzira yekuyera mwero wekugadzira mota uye chiratidzo chakakosha chekugona kwehunyanzvi hwekuita.Kungoshandiswa kuri nani kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane mukugadzira mota dzeChina uye kutsvagisa nezve polyurethane zvinhu zvinogonesa kuti mabhodhoro akakodzera agadziriswe, senge dambudziko rekupisa kupisa kwematayi, izvo zvinodawo kutsvagisa pamwe nekutsigirwa kwemitemo yakakodzera nenyanzvi dzinoenderana mukugadzira mota. indasitiri, mutariro yekuti danho rekugadzira mota dzepamba richaramba richivandudzwa.